牡蛎和粪便中GⅠ、GⅡ型诺如病毒实时聚合酶链反应检测方法的建

目的 建立适用于牡蛎和粪便中快速、特异、灵敏的GⅠ、GⅡ型诺如病毒(NV)定量分型诊断方法．方法 通过对GⅠ、GⅡ型NV基因组保守序列的比对分析，设计高度特异的引物和探针，建立以TaMan探针为基础的实时聚合酶链反应方法(TaMan Real-time RT-PCR)．结果 该方法对NV核酸检测高度特异，且GⅠ和GⅡ型之间无交叉反应，最低检出限达102 copies/μl．对90份新鲜牡蛎样品和37份腹泻粪便标本分别用常规RT-PCR和笔者建立的TaMan Real-time RT-PCR进行NV检测，发现牡蛎样品中后者的检出率明显高于前者，而粪便标本中两者无明显差别．同时对阳性标本的测序分析证实结果准确可靠．结论 研究中建立的TaMan Real-time RT-PCR方法可用于海产品标本及粪便中NV定量及分型检测，可作为应对NV胃肠炎暴发的有效诊断方法．     

Influence de la distance de course sur les paramètres cinématiques de nage chez les nageurs avec palmes de haut niveau

Introduction – Finswimming is a new sport activity. The optimization of the leg’s propulsive action is fundamental to improve the performance. The aim of this work is to quantify finswimmer’s movements per race distances, using a kinematic analysis.Fact synthesis – Five elite finswimmers were video recorded during underwater races. The connections between the average velocity of stroke, frequency and range of finswimmers undulation are observed as a fonction of race distance.Conclusion – Finswimmers are shown to adjust and to stabilize instantaneously their movements in terms of race distance.